Rabies is almost always transmitted by animal bites and scratches which introduce the virus into wounds. Very rarely, rabies has been transmitted by nonbite exposures, such as saliva which introduces the virus into cuts or mucous membranes.

Vaccination/Precautions

Pre-exposure vaccination is recommended for persons living in or visiting (for more than 30 days) areas of the world where rabies is a constant threat, as well as for most veterinarians, animal handlers, spelunkers, and certain laboratory workers. Any animal bite or scratch should receive prompt local treatment by thoroughly cleansing the wound with copious amounts of soap and water; this local treatment significantly reduces the risk of rabies.

Persons who may have been exposed to rabies should contact their physician immediately.